W
elcome, Dear friends of the protection and control engineering, today I give you a valuable overview.
The following figure shows the typical impedance ranges or X / R ratios of our classic equipment. These are, as is known, crucial for our time constants and for the behavior in the event of a fault.
![](https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/5ca3336faf774a29292763d4/5cad9c4851e5f853e9f72dc7_1.jpg)
The figure comes from our technical book: "The Bible of Generator Protection".